Sizing guide

How to size a protein skimmer

The correct size is the smallest credible model that covers your real load, fits the chamber at the right depth and can still be cleaned without dismantling the cabinet.

The six checks

Net system volume

Estimate actual water after rock, sand, equipment displacement and the sump operating level—not the display’s advertised litres.

Livestock and feeding load

Use the maker’s heavy-load or SPS band where published. Fish number, body mass and feeding matter more than coral labels alone.

Nutrient strategy

Decide whether the skimmer is primary export, supporting a refugium, or mainly providing aeration and resilience.

Footprint

Measure the exact skimmer chamber, including baffles, pipework and cable exits. Allow room for fingers and disassembly.

Operating water depth

Compare the required sump depth. A stand can raise a skimmer; it cannot create cabinet height.

Service clearance

Add the height needed to lift and tilt the collection cup beneath cabinet braces or shelves.

A practical rating rule

If a manufacturer publishes load bands, place the system in the band that matches its intended stocking and feeding, then choose a model where your net volume sits comfortably inside that band—not exactly at the most optimistic upper limit. If only one maximum figure is published, treat it as a comparison clue rather than a guarantee.

Example: a nominal 300-litre system

After displacement, the operating water may be closer to 240–260 litres. A moderately stocked mixed reef does not automatically need a “600-litre” skimmer. First compare the manufacturer’s load assumption, then verify footprint, water depth, air draw and maintenance access. A correctly fitted controllable model may be more useful than a larger AC unit squeezed into the wrong depth.

Measurements to save before shopping

MeasurementRecordWhy it matters
Chamber length × widthMillimetresMust include pump and outlet orientation, not body diameter alone.
Water depthNormal and power-off maximumControls operating position and overflow risk.
Floor to obstructionMillimetresDetermines whether the cup can be removed.
Desired controlAC, DC or appChanges adjustment range, controller cost and cable planning.

Do not compare air draw alone

Litres of air per hour can help compare models within a range, but reaction-body design, pump tuning, water throughput and stability also matter. We list air draw when a manufacturer publishes it; we do not convert it into an invented performance score.

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