Water quality guide / UK

TDS and source-water quality for reef aquariums

Use TDS as a fast operating signal, not as a complete laboratory report. Three readings—feed, after RO and after DI—tell you much more than one number at the end of the line.

What to measure

PointWhat it tells youWhat to do with the result
Feed waterYour starting dissolved-solids loadRecord it monthly; a rising value can change DI consumption
Post-RO / pre-DIHow well the membrane is rejecting dissolved solidsCalculate rejection and inspect pressure, temperature and membrane age if it worsens
Post-DIWhether the final polish is still workingUse 0 ppm as the practical change trigger; replace or troubleshoot when it rises

Rejection calculation

((feed TDS − post-RO TDS) ÷ feed TDS) × 100 gives the membrane rejection percentage. With 300 ppm feed and 9 ppm post-RO, rejection is 97%. Compare the trend against your membrane's specification and your own historical readings; do not use the DI reading to judge the RO membrane because the resin can hide a failing membrane for a while.

What 0 TDS does—and does not—mean

DI resin removes ionised impurities that remain after RO, which is why a final 0 ppm reading is useful before mixing salt. But TDS is an aggregate conductivity-based signal. Red Sea's product FAQ notes that nitrate and phosphate may still be detectable even when TDS is very low, so a meter cannot replace good maintenance, source-water investigation or tank testing when the aquarium behaves unexpectedly.

Common patterns

  • Feed high, post-RO normal, post-DI 0: the system may be working; expect more DI consumption.
  • Post-RO suddenly high: check pressure, temperature, flush routine, membrane seating and the pre-filters.
  • Post-DI above 0: the resin may be exhausted, channelled or installed incorrectly.
  • Readings jump around: flush the first output, rinse the probe and confirm the meter is calibrated and measuring a flowing sample consistently.

Record-keeping that actually helps

Keep a small note with date, feed TDS, post-RO TDS, post-DI TDS, water temperature, pressure if available and the date each cartridge was changed. That turns “the water seems off” into a traceable maintenance decision.

Sources and limitations

The three-probe monitoring approach is consistent with the way SpectraPure describes feed, RO and DI monitoring. The caution about low TDS not being a complete contaminant test follows Red Sea's salt FAQ. This is an operating guide, not a substitute for a laboratory water analysis.

MAKE THE WATER

Once the output is clean, mix salt by weight and verify salinity.

Read the salt-mixing workflow